JO IB BIO II: unit three GENETIC MODIFICATION
ESSENTIAL IDEA:
Biologists have developed techniques for artificial manipulation of DNA, cells and organisms.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:
Why do larger DNA molecules move more slowly through a gel than small ones?
DNA polymerase is the enzyme used in PCR, what does it do once the DNA strands separate after heating?
Why do different people have different sizes of DNA fragments when the same enzymes break their DNA into pieces?
The DNA code is "universal" how does this help gene transfer?
Why do we call both twins and plant cuttings clones?
What are the risks and benefits of planting a hedge made from cuttings of the same tree?
Biologists have developed techniques for artificial manipulation of DNA, cells and organisms.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:
Why do larger DNA molecules move more slowly through a gel than small ones?
DNA polymerase is the enzyme used in PCR, what does it do once the DNA strands separate after heating?
Why do different people have different sizes of DNA fragments when the same enzymes break their DNA into pieces?
The DNA code is "universal" how does this help gene transfer?
Why do we call both twins and plant cuttings clones?
What are the risks and benefits of planting a hedge made from cuttings of the same tree?
UNDERSTANDINGS / APPLICATIONS / SKILLS / NATURE OF SCIENCE
3.5.U2 PCR can be used to amplify small amounts of DNA
3.5.U1 Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size.
3.5.U3 DNA profiling involves comparison of DNA
3.5.A1 Use of DNA profiling in paternity and forensic investigations.
3.5.S2 Analysis of examples of DNA profiles.
3.5.U4 Genetic modification is carried out by gene transfer between species.
3.5.A2 Gene transfer to bacteria with plasmids using restriction endonucleases and DNA ligase.
3.5.A3 Assessment of the potential risks and benefits associated with genetic modification of crops.
3.5.S3 Analysis of data on risks to monarch butterflies of Bt crops.
3.5.U5 Clones are groups of genetically identical organisms, derived from a single original parent cell.
3.5.A4 Production of cloned embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer
3.5.U6 Many plant species and some animal species have natural methods of cloning.
3.5.U7 Animals can be cloned at the embryo stage by breaking up the embryo into more than one group of cells.
3.5.U8 Methods have been developed for cloning adult animals using differentiated cells.
3.5.S1 Design of an experiment to assess one factor affecting the rooting of stem-cuttings.
3.5.U2 PCR can be used to amplify small amounts of DNA
3.5.U1 Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size.
3.5.U3 DNA profiling involves comparison of DNA
3.5.A1 Use of DNA profiling in paternity and forensic investigations.
3.5.S2 Analysis of examples of DNA profiles.
3.5.U4 Genetic modification is carried out by gene transfer between species.
3.5.A2 Gene transfer to bacteria with plasmids using restriction endonucleases and DNA ligase.
3.5.A3 Assessment of the potential risks and benefits associated with genetic modification of crops.
3.5.S3 Analysis of data on risks to monarch butterflies of Bt crops.
3.5.U5 Clones are groups of genetically identical organisms, derived from a single original parent cell.
3.5.A4 Production of cloned embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer
3.5.U6 Many plant species and some animal species have natural methods of cloning.
3.5.U7 Animals can be cloned at the embryo stage by breaking up the embryo into more than one group of cells.
3.5.U8 Methods have been developed for cloning adult animals using differentiated cells.
3.5.S1 Design of an experiment to assess one factor affecting the rooting of stem-cuttings.